Socio-Economic Implications of Non-Traditional Security Threats in Pakistan from 2008 to 2024
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55737/qjssh.vi-i.25343Keywords:
Extremism, Sectarian Conflict, Social Inequality, Economic Instability, Inflation, Unemployment, Governance, DevelopmentAbstract
The purpose of this study is to examine the socioeconomic implications of non-traditional security threats in Pakistan from 2008 to 2024, with a special focus on terrorism, extremism, sectarian conflict, ethnic conflicts, and structural socioeconomic challenges. Throughout this time, Pakistan observed repeating periods of violence and instability, which harmed national growth and social stability. Terrorist operations and extreme ideas not only killed and displaced people, but they also stopped economic productivity, reduced investor confidence, and taxed state resources. Meanwhile, structural difficulties such as inflation, unemployment, poverty, corruption, and rising social inequality increased public anger and worsened governance challenges. The study highlights the link between security and socioeconomic stability, stating that suffering peace in Pakistan requires fair governance, institutional changes, and continual investments in the development of people. A comprehensive, multifaceted policy is required to break the cycle of insecurity and create a strong, fair future.
References
Abiden, M. Z. U., Zhilong, H., & Mubeen, R. (2019). War on terrorism in Pakistan: Challenges and strategic steps. Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Международные отношения, 19(4), 625-631.
Afzal, S. (2012). Sectarianism and its implications for Pakistan security: Policy recommendations using exploratory study. IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 4(4), 19-26. https://doi.org/10.9790/0837-0441926
Akhtar, N., & Jan, I. (2022). Ethnic conflict, politics and Pakistan's security dilemma: What went wrong. Global Strategic & Securities Studies Review, VII(II), 41-52. https://doi.org/10.31703/gsssr.2022(vii-ii).06
Akhter, M. (2019, August 1). CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF UNEMPLOYMENT SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION TO REDUCE UNEMPLOYMENT A CASE STUDY OF PAKISTAN. Linkedin. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/causes-effects-unemployment-suggestion-recommendation-muzamil-akhter
Ali, F., Haider, S., & Nadeem, M. (2023). Non-Traditional Security Threats in 21st Century and its Socio-Political Impacts on Pakistan. Journal of Social Sciences Review, 3(1), 975–988. https://doi.org/10.54183/jssr.v3i1.360
Bashir, F., Nawaz, S., Yasin, K., Khursheed, U., Khan, J., & Qureshi, M. J. (2011). Determinants of inflation in Pakistan: An econometric analysis using Johansen Co-integration approach. Australian Journal of Business and Management Research, 01(05), 71–82. https://doi.org/10.52283/nswrca.ajbmr.20110105a09
Fatima, S. (2024). Economic security challenges to Pakistan during post pandemic era. Pakistan Journal of International Affairs, 7(3), 61-66. https://doi.org/10.52337/pjia.v7i3.1113
George, A. S. (2023). Causes and consequences of Pakistan's economic crisis. Partners Universal International Innovation Journal, 1(5), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8436578
Ilyas, S., Mehmood, K. A., Riaz, F., Munir, F., & Nadeem, M. (2024). Socioeconomic Determinants of Poverty in Pakistan. The Critical Review of Social Sciences Studies, 2(2), 360-369. https://doi.org/10.59075/zz50za94
Jacob, T., Rincy, R., & Ajina, V. S. (2023). Effect of inflation on the growth and development of the Pakistan economy: An empirical analysis. Theoretical & Applied Economics, 30(2), 239-250. https://store.ectap.ro/articole/1673.pdf
Javid, M., & Magsi, H. A. (2022). Non-Traditional Security Threats and Its Impact on Pakistan Economy. Pakistan's Multidisciplinary Journal for Arts & Science, 3(02), 16-21. https://pmdjas.com/index.php/pmdjas/article/view/48
Kamran, A., Shujaat, S., Syed, N. A., & Ali, S. N. (2013, September). A study on determinants of unemployment in Pakistan. In Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Management Science and Engineering Management: Focused on Electrical and Information Technology Volume II (pp. 1337-1348). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
Magsi, D. A., & Mir, F. (2024). Extremism and Terrorism in Pakistan in 21st Century: Changing Dynamics, New Challenges, Security Governance, Viable Policy Option. Journal of Quranic and Social Studies, 4(2), 1-12. https://www.jqss.org/index.php/JQSS/article/view/128
Malik, M., & Arif, M. (2019). Managing Non-Traditional Threats by Using Space Technology: A Case of Pakistan. NUST Journal of International Peace & Stability, 32-44. https://doi.org/10.37540/njips.v2i2.30
Miankhail, S. B. (2009). Causes and consequences of poverty in Pakistan. Journal of Managerial Sciences, 2(1), 44-74.
Munir, F., Khan, I. H., Javed, M., Sibt-e-Ali, M., & Zaib, L. (2022). Understanding social inequalities in Pakistan: An intersectionality perspective on ethnicity, income, and education. International journal of special education, 37(3), 3985-4000.
Munir, T. (2017, October). Sectarianism in Pakistan: Effects and Solutions. 1-10.
Myint, U. (2000). Corruption: Causes, consequences and cures. Asia pacific development journal, 7(2), 33-58. https://www.unescap.org/sites/default/files/apdj-7-2-2-Myint.pdf
Shahzad, N. (2024). Corruption And Its Deep Impacts On Good Governance In Pakistan: Perceptual Views Of Adults Among Pakistani People. Migration Letter, 21(5), 1823-1847. https://migrationletters.com/index.php/ml/article/view/8468
Sheikh, M. K., & Gillani, A. H. (2023). Ethnic issues and National Integration in Pakistan: a review. Pakistan Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 11(1), 187-195. https://www.journals.internationalrasd.org/index.php/pjhss/article/view/1058
Yaseen, Z., & Muzaffar, M. (2018). Extremism in Pakistan: Issues and Challenges. Journal of Politics and International Studies, 4(I), 31-42. https://jpis.pu.edu.pk/45/article/view/30
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
